Newsweek said Clarence Thomas may be given a new opportunity to reverse a Supreme Court ruling he opposed 22 years ago.
The case connects to a student petition asking the court to reverse a decision that blocks public aid for religious studies.
That petition provides a route to revisit that previous decision.
A separate but related matter involving Virginia military chaplains shows persistent legal disputes over freedom of religion and public money.
The developments point to the court revisiting settled case law on the boundary between state support and religious education.